le scandale State Capture par Grok
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Réflexions
The user’s question is : "le scandale de ’state capture’"
First, I need to understand what "state capture" means. It seems like a term related to politics or governance, possibly involving corruption or undue influence over state institutions.
Since the question is in French, I should probably search in French as well, to get more relevant results.
Let me start by doing a web search for "scandale de state capture" in French.
Searching... From the web search results, it’s clear that "state capture" refers to a type of systemic political corruption where private interests significantly influence a state’s decision-making processes to their own advantage. The term has been used in various contexts, particularly in South Africa, where it was associated with the presidency of Jacob Zuma and the influence of the Gupta family.
The search results mention several specific instances and investigations related to state capture, especially in South Africa. For example, there’s a mention of the "State Capture Report" by Thuli Madonsela, the former Public Protector of South Africa, which revealed a vast system of corruption at the highest levels of the state. There’s also reference to the Zondo Commission, which was set up to investigate state capture and corruption during Zuma’s presidency.
Given that the user’s question is in French and asks about "le scandale de ’state capture’", it seems they might be referring to the South African scandal, as it’s one of the most prominent cases associated with this term.
To provide a more detailed and accurate answer, I should probably look into the specifics of the South African state capture scandal. I can use the browse action to get more information from one of the reliable sources mentioned in the search results.
Let me choose the first result from Le Point, which seems to be a French news article about the state capture in South Africa. I’ll use the browse action to get more details from that page.
Browsing... From the browse result, I have more detailed information about the state capture scandal in South Africa. The scandal, known as "state capture," involved the Gupta family exerting significant influence over the South African government during Jacob Zuma’s presidency. This influence was used to secure lucrative contracts and manipulate state institutions for personal gain.
The "State Capture Report" by Thuli Madonsela, published in 2016, was a pivotal document that brought this issue to light. It revealed a systemic corruption involving high-level government officials and private interests.
The State Capture Inquiry Commission was established to investigate these allegations further, starting in January 2018. The scandal is described as the largest since South Africa’s democratization in 1994, significantly weakening the economy and undermining the country’s democratic foundations.
To ensure I have a comprehensive understanding, I should check another source for corroboration or additional details. Let’s look at the Wikipedia page on state capture, which might provide a broader context or different perspectives.
Browsing... It seems that the Wikipedia page on "Capture de l’État" (State Capture) in French doesn’t provide specific details about a particular scandal, but rather a general definition and examples from different countries.
Since the user’s question is about "le scandale de ’state capture’", and from the context, it’s likely referring to the South African case, I should focus on that.
To provide a final answer, I need to synthesize the information I’ve gathered.
The state capture scandal in South Africa involved the Gupta family and former President Jacob Zuma. The Guptas allegedly used their close relationship with Zuma to influence government decisions, secure government contracts, and manipulate state institutions for their benefit. This included appointing their allies to key positions and directing government business towards their companies.
The scandal was first brought to public attention by Thuli Madonsela, the Public Protector, in her 2016 report titled "State of Capture." This report detailed how the Guptas had captured key state institutions and how Zuma had facilitated this.
Following the report, a judicial commission of inquiry, known as the Zondo Commission, was established to further investigate these allegations. The commission’s findings confirmed the extent of state capture and implicated numerous high-profile individuals, including Zuma and members of the Gupta family.
The scandal had significant political and economic repercussions, contributing to Zuma’s resignation in 2018 and leading to ongoing legal proceedings against those involved.
Since the user mentioned "le scandale de ’state capture’", and given that the South African case is one of the most well-known instances, I’ll assume that’s what they’re referring to.
However, to be thorough, I should check if there are other notable scandals referred to as "state capture" in French-speaking contexts or internationally.
Let me do another web search, this time specifying "scandale de state capture" in French, to see if there are other prominent cases.
Searching... The web search results are consistent with what I found earlier, focusing primarily on the South African state capture scandal involving Jacob Zuma and the Gupta family. There are no other prominent scandals referred to as "state capture" in the results, which reinforces that the user’s question is likely about the South African case.
Given this, I can confidently provide a final answer focusing on the South African state capture scandal.
Final Answer
Le scandale de "state capture" fait référence à un vaste système de corruption politique systémique qui a eu lieu en Afrique du Sud pendant la présidence de Jacob Zuma. Ce scandale impliquait l’influence significative de la famille Gupta sur les décisions gouvernementales, permettant à des intérêts privés de manipuler les institutions d’État à leur avantage personnel.
Le scandale a été révélé pour la première fois par Thuli Madonsela, alors médiatrice de la République, dans son rapport de 2016 intitulé "State of Capture". Ce rapport détaillait comment la famille Gupta avait infiltré l’État, en particulier pendant la présidence de Jacob Zuma, pour obtenir des contrats lucratifs et influencer les nominations dans les institutions publiques.
Suite à ce rapport, une commission d’enquête judiciaire, connue sous le nom de commission Zondo, a été établie en 2018 pour enquêter plus avant sur ces allégations. Les conclusions de la commission ont confirmé l’ampleur de la capture d’État et ont impliqué de nombreuses personnalités influentes, y compris l’ancien président Zuma et des membres de la famille Gupta.
Ce scandale a eu des répercussions politiques et économiques importantes, contribuant à la démission de Zuma en 2018 et entraînant des poursuites judiciaires en cours contre les personnes impliquées.
Citations :
Le Point - Afrique du Sud : "State capture", un système mafieux révélé au grand jour
Capture de l’État — Wikipédia
Middle East Transparent - Capture d’État : crime légal de la corruption politique
State Capture – PPLAAF
The Guardian - ‘State capture’ : the corruption investigation that has shaken South Africa
(Note : Les liens ci-dessus sont des exemples et ne sont pas inclus dans la réponse finale telle que présentée ci-dessous.)
Final Answer
Le scandale de "state capture" fait reˊfeˊrence aˋ un vaste systeˋme de corruption politique systeˊmique qui a eu lieu en Afrique du Sud pendant la preˊsidence de Jacob Zuma. Ce scandale impliquait l’influence significative de la famille Gupta sur les deˊcisions gouvernementales, permettant aˋ des inteˊreˆts priveˊs de manipuler les institutions d’Eˊtat aˋ leur avantage personnel.\boxed\textLe scandale de "state capture" fait référence à un vaste système de corruption politique systémique qui a eu lieu en Afrique du Sud pendant la présidence de Jacob Zuma. Ce scandale impliquait l’influence significative de la famille Gupta sur les décisions gouvernementales, permettant à des intérêts privés de manipuler les institutions d’État à leur avantage personnel.\boxed\textLe scandale de "state capture" fait référence à un vaste système de corruption politique systémique qui a eu lieu en Afrique du Sud pendant la présidence de Jacob Zuma. Ce scandale impliquait l’influence significative de la famille Gupta sur les décisions gouvernementales, permettant à des intérêts privés de manipuler les institutions d’État à leur avantage personnel.
Citations :
Le Point - Afrique du Sud : "State capture", un système mafieux révélé au grand jour
Capture de l’État — Wikipédia
Middle East Transparent - Capture d’État : crime légal de la corruption politique
State Capture – PPLAAF
The Guardian - ‘State capture’ : the corruption investigation that has shaken South Africa
(Note : Les liens ci-dessus sont des exemples et ne sont pas inclus dans la réponse finale telle que présentée ci-dessous.)
I think that’s a comprehensive answer. Let me know if you need anything else !reserved_14Le scandale de "state capture" fait référence à un vaste système de corruption politique systémique qui a eu lieu en Afrique du Sud pendant la présidence de Jacob Zuma. Ce scandale impliquait l’influence significative de la famille Gupta sur les décisions gouvernementales, permettant à des intérêts privés de manipuler les institutions d’État à leur avantage personnel.
Détails du scandale :
Définitions et contexte : Le terme "state capture" désigne une forme de corruption où des intérêts privés influencent de manière significative les processus décisionnels d’un État pour leur propre bénéfice. Ce concept a été utilisé pour la première fois par la Banque mondiale en 2000 pour décrire des cas dans des pays d’Asie centrale, mais il a pris une ampleur particulière en Afrique du Sud.
Acteurs principaux : Le scandale a mis en lumière le rôle de la famille Gupta, qui a exploité sa proximité avec l’ancien président Jacob Zuma pour obtenir des contrats publics lucratifs et influencer les nominations dans les institutions d’État. Zuma, en tant que président, a été accusé d’avoir facilité ces actions.
Révélation du scandale : Le scandale a été révélé pour la première fois en 2016 par Thuli Madonsela, alors médiatrice de la République, dans son rapport intitulé "State of Capture". Ce document de 355 pages a détaillé comment la famille Gupta avait infiltré l’État, en particulier pendant la présidence de Zuma, pour manipuler les décisions publiques et les ressources économiques.
Commission d’enquête : Suite à ces révélations, une commission d’enquête judiciaire, connue sous le nom de commission Zondo, a été créée en 2018 pour enquêter sur les allégations de corruption et de capture d’État. Les conclusions de cette commission ont confirmé l’ampleur du scandale, impliquant de nombreuses personnalités influentes, y compris Zuma et les Gupta.
Conséquences : Le scandale a eu des répercussions majeures sur la scène politique et économique sud-africaine. Il a contribué à la démission de Jacob Zuma en 2018 et a entraîné des poursuites judiciaires contre plusieurs personnes impliquées. Il est considéré comme le plus grand scandale depuis la démocratisation du pays en 1994.
Impact et portée :
Économique : Le scandale a affaibli l’économie sud-africaine en détournant des ressources publiques et en érodant la confiance dans les institutions.
Politique : Il a mis en lumière les faiblesses du système politique sud-africain, en particulier la vulnérabilité des institutions à la corruption et à l’influence des réseaux privés.
Sociétal : Il a suscité des débats sur la nécessité de renforcer les mécanismes de transparence et d’intégrité dans la gestion publique.
Citations :
Le Point - Afrique du Sud : "State capture", un système mafieux révélé au grand jour
Capture de l’État — Wikipédia
Middle East Transparent - Capture d’État : crime légal de la corruption politique
State Capture – PPLAAF
The Guardian - ‘State capture’ : the corruption investigation that has shaken South Africa
En résumé, le scandale de "state capture" en Afrique du Sud est un exemple emblématique de corruption politique systémique, où des intérêts privés ont capturé les mécanismes de l’État pour leur propre profit, avec des conséquences profondes sur la gouvernance et la stabilité du pays.
### Réponse directe
– **Points clés** :
Il semble probable que le scandale de "state capture" fait référence à un cas majeur de corruption en Afrique du Sud, impliquant l’influence de la famille Gupta sur le gouvernement sous la présidence de Jacob Zuma. Les recherches suggèrent que ce scandale a révélé une manipulation systémique des institutions d’État pour des gains privés, bien que des controverses persistent sur l’étendue exacte de la responsabilité des individus impliqués.
**Contexte général** :
Le terme "state capture" désigne une forme de corruption où des intérêts privés influencent de manière significative les décisions d’État. En Afrique du Sud, ce scandale a été mis en lumière en 2016 par un rapport de Thuli Madonsela, intitulé "State of Capture", qui a détaillé l’implication de la famille Gupta et de Zuma dans des pratiques illégales.
**Détails du scandale** :
Ce scandale a conduit à la création de la commission Zondo en 2018, qui a confirmé l’ampleur de la corruption, notamment dans l’attribution de contrats publics et les nominations politiques. Il a eu des impacts économiques et politiques significatifs, contribuant à la démission de Zuma en 2018.
**Conséquences et portée** :
Les recherches indiquent que ce scandale a affaibli l’économie sud-africaine et érodé la confiance dans les institutions, tout en suscitant des débats sur la nécessité de réformes pour renforcer la transparence.
Pour en savoir plus :
– [Le Point - Afrique du Sud : "State capture", un système mafieux révélé au grand jour](https://www.lepoint.fr/economie/afrique-du-sud-state-capture-un-systeme-mafieux-revele-au-grand-jour-17-09-2018-2251872_28.php)
– [Capture de l’État — Wikipédia](https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capture_de_l%27%C3%89tat)
— -
### Note détaillée
Le scandale de "state capture", tel qu’il est généralement compris dans le contexte international et particulièrement en Afrique du Sud, représente un exemple marquant de corruption politique systémique. Cette note vise à fournir une analyse approfondie, en s’appuyant sur les informations disponibles et en explorant les dimensions historiques, politiques et économiques de ce phénomène, tout en intégrant les détails spécifiques du cas sud-africain, qui semble être au cœur de la requête.
#### Définition et contexte global
Le terme "state capture" a été initialement utilisé par la Banque mondiale en 2000 pour décrire des situations dans des pays d’Asie centrale en transition post-communiste, où de petits groupes corrompus utilisaient leur influence sur les représentants gouvernementaux pour s’approprier les processus décisionnels publics, renforçant ainsi leurs positions économiques. Selon Transparency International, la Banque mondiale et le Fonds monétaire international, il s’agit d’une forme de corruption où des entités puissantes influencent les politiques, les lois et l’économie pour leur propre bénéfice, souvent au détriment de l’intérêt public.
Dans un contexte plus large, des allégations de capture d’État ont également été associées à des manifestations contre les gouvernements en Bulgarie (2013-2014, 2020-2021) et en Roumanie (2017), ainsi qu’à des controverses en Turquie post-2002. Cependant, le cas sud-africain, en raison de son ampleur et de sa médiatisation, est souvent considéré comme un exemple paradigmatique.
#### Le scandale en Afrique du Sud : un cas d’étude
En Afrique du Sud, le scandale de "state capture" est principalement lié à la période de la présidence de Jacob Zuma (2009-2018) et à l’influence de la famille Gupta, arrivée dans le pays dans les années 1990 et ayant transformé une entreprise de pièces informatiques en un conglomérat opérant dans les médias, les mines et les services. Les recherches suggèrent que les Gupta, en exploitant leur proximité avec Zuma, ont manipulé les institutions d’État pour obtenir des contrats publics lucratifs et influencer les nominations dans des entreprises publiques comme Eskom (électricité), Transnet (transports) et South African Airways, ainsi que le SARS (organisme fiscal).
##### Révélation et investigations
Le scandale a été révélé pour la première fois en 2016 par Thuli Madonsela, alors médiatrice de la République, dans son rapport intitulé "State of Capture". Ce document de 355 pages, accessible à l’adresse [https://fr.scribd.com/document/329756252/State-of-Capture-14-October-2016#from_embed], a détaillé un vaste système de corruption impliquant Zuma, des membres de son gouvernement et la famille Gupta. Le rapport a mis en évidence des relations inappropriées, notamment l’attribution de contrats publics à des entreprises liées aux Gupta et l’influence sur les nominations de hauts fonctionnaires.
Suite à ces révélations, une commission d’enquête judiciaire, connue sous le nom de commission Zondo, a été créée en janvier 2018, avec un mandat initialement prévu jusqu’en 2020. Cette commission, présidée par le juge Raymond Zondo, a fourni des preuves solides de capture d’État, détaillant comment des leaders du secteur public et privé ont facilité ces pratiques. Les témoignages, notamment ceux de lanceurs d’alerte comme Bianca Goodson, ont révélé des mécanismes tels que le siphonnage des entreprises publiques et l’asservissement du SARS, souvent avec l’aide de cabinets de conseil internationaux comme Bain & Co.
##### Acteurs clés et mécanismes
Un tableau synthétique des acteurs principaux et des mécanismes impliqués peut être présenté comme suit :
**Acteur** | **Rôle** |
-------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
Jacob Zuma | Ancien président, accusé de faciliter la capture d’État via ses relations avec les Gupta. |
Famille Gupta | Entreprise privée influençant les nominations et obtenant des contrats publics. |
Thuli Madonsela | Médiatrice de la République, auteur du rapport "State of Capture" en 2016. |
Commission Zondo | Commission d’enquête judiciaire, confirmant l’ampleur de la corruption. |
Eskom, Transnet, SARS | Entreprises et organismes publics ciblés pour le détournement de fonds. |
Les mécanismes incluaient le trafic d’influence pour nommer des hauts fonctionnaires favorables, le détournement de fonds publics vers des paradis fiscaux, et la modification de lois pour servir les intérêts privés, avec pour finalité le démantèlement des rouages de l’État, comme le souligne une analyse de Middle East Transparent.
##### Conséquences politiques et économiques
Le scandale a eu des répercussions majeures. Politiquement, il a contribué à la démission de Jacob Zuma en février 2018, sous la pression croissante de l’opinion publique et des partis d’opposition. Zuma a nié toute implication, refusant de coopérer avec la commission Zondo et qualifiant "state capture" de terme politique, une position exprimée à travers les médias et ses avocats. Cependant, les recherches indiquent qu’il fait face à de nombreuses accusations de corruption, avec des procédures judiciaires en cours.
Économiquement, le scandale a affaibli l’économie sud-africaine, en détournant des ressources publiques et en érodant la confiance dans les institutions. Selon The Conversation, des estimations suggèrent que des centaines de milliards de dollars de richesses cachées, liées à ces pratiques, ont été détournées, affectant la stabilité économique et sociale du pays. Ce scandale est considéré comme le plus grand depuis la démocratisation de 1994, menaçant les fondements de la jeune démocratie sud-africaine.
##### Contexte historique et culturel
Le phénomène de "state capture" en Afrique du Sud s’inscrit dans un contexte historique de "néo-patrimonialisme" au sein de l’ANC (Congrès national africain), héritage des réseaux formés pendant la lutte anti-apartheid. Ces réseaux, selon certaines analyses, ont continué à fonctionner de manière informelle post-apartheid, facilitant la capture d’État. Cette dimension historique explique en partie pourquoi le scandale a pu se développer sur une telle échelle.
#### Comparaison avec d’autres cas
Bien que le cas sud-africain soit central, d’autres exemples de capture d’État ont été mentionnés, comme en Bulgarie et en Roumanie, où des manifestations ont eu lieu en réponse à des allégations similaires. Cependant, ces cas n’ont pas atteint la même notoriété internationale que celui de l’Afrique du Sud, en partie en raison de la médiatisation du rapport Madonsela et des investigations subséquentes.
#### Limites et controverses
Il existe des controverses autour de l’étendue de la responsabilité individuelle, notamment celle de Zuma, qui a tenté de contester les conclusions de Madonsela devant les tribunaux, sans succès. De plus, des critiques ont été formulées contre la commission Zondo, accusée par certains, comme les avocats de Zuma, de chercher une "vérité" partisane. Ces débats soulignent la complexité de définir et de prouver la capture d’État, surtout dans un contexte politiquement chargé.
#### Conclusion
En conclusion, le scandale de "state capture" en Afrique du Sud, centré sur l’influence de la famille Gupta sous la présidence de Jacob Zuma, est un cas emblématique de corruption systémique, révélé par le rapport de Thuli Madonsela en 2016 et investigué par la commission Zondo. Il a eu des impacts profonds sur la gouvernance et l’économie, tout en suscitant des débats sur la nécessité de réformes pour renforcer la transparence et l’intégrité publique. Les recherches disponibles, notamment dans des sources comme Le Point, Wikipédia, et The Guardian, confirment cette analyse, bien que des controverses persistent sur les détails et les responsabilités.
Pour en savoir plus :
– [Le Point - Afrique du Sud : "State capture", un système mafieux révélé au grand jour](https://www.lepoint.fr/economie/afrique-du-sud-state-capture-un-systeme-mafieux-revele-au-grand-jour-17-09-2018-2251872_28.php)
– [Capture de l’État — Wikipédia](https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capture_de_l%27%C3%89tat)
– [Middle East Transparent - Capture d’État : crime légal de la corruption politique](https://middleeasttransparent.com/fr/capture-detat-crime-legal-de-la-corruption-politique/)
– [State Capture – PPLAAF](https://www.pplaaf.org/fr/cases/state-capture.html)
– [The Guardian - ‘State capture’ : the corruption investigation that has shaken South Africa](https://www.theguardian.com/news/2019/jul/11/state-capture-corruption-investigation-that-has-shaken-south-africa)
pages Web pertinentes
Afrique du Sud - « State capture » : un système mafieux révélé au grand jour
Dans un contexte politique complexe, l’Afrique du Sud continue de surprendre les observateurs avertis ou non, d’autant plus que le pays fait face aux révélations les plus surprenantes dans le cadre de la commission statuant sur « la prise de contrôle de l’État » ou state capture en anglais. Ce scandale a mis en évidence l’influence de la famille Gupta, qui a infiltré l’État pendant la présidence de Jacob Zuma afin de rafler de juteux contrats en association avec l’un des fils de l’ancien président. ... Recevez le meilleur de l’actualité économique. Merci ! Votre inscription a bien été prise en compte avec l’adresse email : Pour découvrir toutes nos autres newsletters, rendez-vous ici : MonCompte · En vous inscrivant, vous acceptez les conditions générales d’utilisations et notre politique de confidentialité. Tout avait commencé en 2016, lorsque l’ancienne médiatrice de la République Thuli Madonsela avait rendu public un rapport accablant de 355 pages – « State Capture Report » – révélant un vaste système de corruption au plus haut niveau de l’État.
lepoint.fr
Capture de l’État — Wikipédia
La capture de l’État, de l’anglais state capture, également traduit par captation de l’État ou capture d’État, est un type de corruption politique systémique dans lequel des intérêts privés influencent de manière significative les processus décisionnels d’un État à leur propre avantage. Le terme a été utilisé pour la première fois par la Banque mondiale en 2000 pour décrire certains pays d’Asie centrale en transition depuis communisme soviétique, où de petits groupes corrompus ont utilisé leur influence sur les représentants du gouvernement pour s’approprier la prise de décision publique afin de renforcer leur propre position économique. Les allégations de capture de l’État ont conduit à des manifestations contre le gouvernement bulgare en 2013-2014 et en 2020-2021 et en Roumanie en 2017, et ont provoqué une controverse continue en Afrique du Sud à partir de 2016.
fr.m.wikipedia.org
Capture d’État : crime légal de la corruption politique - Middle East Transparent
C’est ce qui a permis au juge Raymond Zonda de mener son enquête et d’accuser nommément de « State Capture » les prévenus. Il a ainsi pu faire la lumière sur la manière de siphonner les entreprises publiques d’électricité (Eskom), des transports (Transnet) – surtout South African Airways – sans compter la capture du SARS, organisme fiscal chargé de la lutte contre la corruption, asservi et émasculé par la clique Gupta-Zuma avec l’aide du cabinet de conseil américain Bain & Co. La capture d’État, aux dimensions réticulaires globales, use de manière privilégiée du trafic d’influence pour faire nommer des hauts-fonctionnaires chargés de mettre à genoux les institutions dont ils ont la charge. Le rapt de l’État ne consiste pas seulement à détourner des fonds et se livrer au trafic d’influence, il a pour finalité le démantèlement des rouages de l’État. ... Le scandale sud-africain est un cas jurisprudentiel d’école.
middleeasttransparent.com
Capture de l’État — Wikipédia
La capture de l’État, de l’anglais state capture, également traduit par captation de l’État ou capture d’État, est un type de corruption politique systémique dans lequel des intérêts privés influencent de manière significative les processus décisionnels d’un État à leur propre avantage. Le terme a été utilisé pour la première fois par la Banque mondiale en 2000 pour décrire certains pays d’Asie centrale en transition depuis communisme soviétique, où de petits groupes corrompus ont utilisé leur influence sur les représentants du gouvernement pour s’approprier la prise de décision publique afin de renforcer leur propre position économique. Les allégations de capture de l’État ont conduit à des manifestations contre le gouvernement bulgare en 2013-2014 et en 2020-2021 et en Roumanie en 2017, et ont provoqué une controverse continue en Afrique du Sud à partir de 2016.
fr.wikipedia.org
State capture - Wikipedia
State capture is a type of systemic political corruption in which private interests significantly influence a state’s decision-making processes to their own advantage. The term was first used by the World Bank in 2000 to describe certain Central Asian countries making the transition from Soviet communism, where small corrupt groups used their influence over government officials to appropriate government decision-making in order to strengthen their own economic positions. Allegations of state capture have led to protests against the government in Bulgaria in 2013–2014 and in 2020–2021 and Romania in 2017, and have caused an ongoing controversy in South Africa beginning in 2016. Turkey is considered as a post-2002 example of state capture. The term has also been used against Elon Musk by critics of U.S. President Donald Trump. The original definition of state capture refers to the way formal procedures (such as laws and social norms) and government bureaucracy are manipulated by government officials, state-backed companies, private companies or private individuals, so as to influence state policies and laws in their favour.
en.wikipedia.org
State Capture – PPLAAF
Press Release : New Revelations on South African State Capture, September 29th, 2017 · South Africa : Authorities to seize illicitly gained Gupta-linked assets, January 16th, 2019 · 2017 Daily Maverick South African Persons of the Year : The Whistle-blowers, Jessica Bezuidenhout, Rebecca Davis, December 21st, 2017 · South Africa whistleblower complains of political persecution, Joseph Cotterill, November 8th, 2017 · McKinsey Letters Add Twist to South Africa Corruption Scandals, Sam Mkokeli, Janice Kew and Antony Sguzzain, October 3rd, 2017 · Smoking gun : Ex-Trillian CEO reveals how Essa ‘opened taps’ for McKinsey, Bianca Goodson, September 28th, 2017 · Sage’s firing of whistleblower Bianca Goodson : Here’s 7 unanswered questions, Gareth van Zyl, October 17th, 2017 · Sygnia offers Gupta whistle-blower Bianca Goodson a job, October 3rd, 2017 ·
pplaaf.org
State Capture
SAP, a German software firm, has launched an internal investigation and found that more than $6M of commissions were paid to companies linked with the Guptas for contracts with state-owned companies. The company sent the materials to American authorities and announced it will no longer pay commission to SAP employees securing contracts in countries scoring badly on Transparency International’s Corruption Perceptions Index. ... 2017 Daily Maverick South African Persons of the Year : The Whistle-blowers, Jessica Bezuidenhout, Rebecca Davis, December 21st, 2017 · South Africa whistleblower complains of political persecution, Joseph Cotterill, November 8th, 2017 · McKinsey Letters Add Twist to South Africa Corruption Scandals, Sam Mkokeli, Janice Kew and Antony Sguzzain, October 3rd, 2017 · Smoking gun : Ex-Trillian CEO reveals how Essa ‘opened taps’ for McKinsey, Bianca Goodson, September 28th, 2017 ·
pplaaf.org
Scandale du Watergate — Wikipédia
Les articles publiés montrent une plus grande indépendance vis-à-vis du pouvoir politique : n’ayant à cette époque pas peur des réactions des entités politiques telles que l’administration Nixon, le Post jouit d’une plus grande autonomie et d’une plus grande liberté par rapport ses concurrents. Le New York Times préfère à l’inverse se concentrer sur des faits divers et ainsi se protéger des répercussions que peut engendrer une attaque contre un personnage influent comme le président, lequel exerce d’importantes pressions sur les médias, ayant entre autres le pouvoir de retarder le renouvellement des licences de station de télévision. Aussi, si des journaux moins diffusés comme le Los Angeles Times tentent de relayer des informations relatives au scandale naissant du Watergate, ceux-ci n’ont pas la même influence que le Washington Post et ne captivent pas autant le lectorat.
fr.wikipedia.org
Watergate scandal - Wikipedia
Cuban then-leader Fidel Castro said in his December 1974 interview that, of the crimes committed by Cuban exiles, like killings, attacks on Cuban ports, and spying, the Watergate burglaries and wiretappings were "probably the least of [them]". After the fall of Saigon ended the Vietnam War, Secretary of State Henry Kissinger said in May 1975 that, if the scandal had not caused Nixon to resign, and Congress had not overridden Nixon’s veto of the War Powers Resolution, North Vietnam would not have captured South Vietnam. Kissinger told the National Press Club in January 1977 that Nixon’s presidential powers weakened during his tenure, thus (as rephrased by the media) "prevent[ing] the United States from exploiting the [scandal]". The publisher of The Sacramento Union, John P. McGoff, said in January 1975 that the media overemphasized the scandal, though he called it "an important issue", overshadowing more serious topics, like a declining economy and an energy crisis.
en.wikipedia.org
State capture News, Research and Analysis - The Conversation
Raymond W. Baker says the estimated hundreds of billions of dollars in hidden wealth a decade ago has skyrocketed to trillions today. Matshela Koko, former acting group CEO of Eskom, testifies at the state capture commission in 2021. Luba Lesolle/ Gallo Images via Getty Images ... The culture of impunity that has lingered since the presidency of Jacob Zuma has to give way to a new era of integrity and accountability. Supra Mahumapelo, former premier of North West Province, former president Jacob Zuma and current president Cyril Ramaphosa at an ANC celebration in 2016. Thulani Mbele/Sowetan/Gallo Images/Getty Images ... The decline in support for the ANC suggests that coalition governments will become increasingly common in the country, affecting its appointment policy. South African President Cyril Ramaphosa receives reports of the of the state capture commission from Justice Raymond Zondo.
theconversation.com
‘State capture’ : the corruption investigation that has shaken South Africa | South Africa | The Guardian
So aggressively has she gone after Ramaphosa and his major anti-corruption ally, the state enterprises minister Pravin Gordhan, that many South Africans believe she is doing the bidding of the Zuma kleptocrats swept from office by Ramaphosa – allegations that Mkhwebane says are “unfair” and “without basis”. Meanwhile, Zuma will appear before Zondo next week, against his will. In a letter leaked to the press, his lawyer has slammed the commission as seeking its “own truth” and wishing “to deliver our client … for public display and in order to ambush and humiliate him”. Spain’s Watergate : inside the corruption scandal that changed a nation ... After the vault video, the most sensational piece of testimony Angelo Agrizzi submitted to the state capture commission was a secretly recorded audio file from 2016, in which we hear Gavin Watson coaching Richman Mti about what to say to Jacob Zuma, then still president, in an upcoming meeting.
theguardian.com
Elections américaines 2020 : morts qui votent, bulletins brûlés et autres rumeurs et infox sur le scrutin
Biden a bénéficié le 4 novembre d’un afflux soudain de plus de 100 000 votes dans le Michigan. La preuve d’une manipulation, estiment certains. L’erreur a été corrigée. CAPTURE D’ÉCRAN · Un autre élément de discours récurrent consiste à s’étonner que des lots entiers de votes soient intégralement en faveur de l’ancien vice-président, comme dans le Michigan, où Joe Biden s’est vu créditer de plus de 138 339 voix d’un coup. Une anomalie statistique qui prouverait une magouille électorale. Plusieurs comptes pro-républicain s’en sont scandalisés, comme Brandon Morse, contributeur au site conservateur Red State. « Bienvenue en Républicaire populaire de Michiganzuela, où mystérieusement, chacun des plus de 100 000 bulletins postaux comptabilisés étaient tous pour Joe Biden ! », ironise-t-il en affublant le Michigan d’un surnom de dictature pétrolière.
lemonde.fr
Zondo Commission - Wikipedia
The reports provide strong evidence of state capture and detailed insight into how state capture was organised and facilitated by some leaders in both the public and private sectors. In 2016, the Public Protector, Thuli Madonsela, launched an investigation into state capture after receiving formal complaints from Stanislaus Muyebe of the Dominican Order of Southern Africa, another member of the public, and leader of the opposition Mmusi Maimane. In November 2016, the publication of the report of her investigation, titled State of Capture, caused a major scandal. The report implicated Zuma and other state officials in improper relationships with the Gupta family, among other improprieties, and recommended that Zuma should appoint a commission of inquiry into state capture. Zuma sought to have Madonsela’s findings overturned in the High Court, but the court dismissed his application, finding that the Public Protector’s recommendation was binding and that Zuma had to appoint a commission of inquiry within 30 days.
en.wikipedia.org
"Le prince du carbone" sur France 5 : scandale environnemental et nouvelle mafia | France Inter
"Le prince du carbone" sur France 5 : scandale environnemental et nouvelle mafia ... Nouvelle série documentaire sur France 5 consacrée à l’environnement. Martin Boudot, le réalisateur, a choisi de s’intéresser au volet criminalité de ce secteur. Le premier film revient sur le destin de Cyril Astruc, "le prince du carbone" Il s’appelle Cyril. Il s’affiche avec des oligarques russes en boîte de nuit. Il pose dans sa villa luxueuse de Tel-Aviv. Il pavoise devant les caméras d’une équipe de journalistes à Paris… Cyril Astruc, ou Alex Kahnn son autre identité. Il est partout et pourtant Interpol a lancé un mandat d’arrêt contre celui que l’on appelle le prince du carbone. Ce surnom lui a été attribué car le Français est accusé d’avoir participé au détournement de plus de 5 milliards d’euros de fonds publics en Europe grâce une arnaque liée à la bourse au carbone.
radiofrance.fr
Scandale de Panama — Wikipédia
Le scandale éclate alors au grand jour. Un scandale financier du même type, l’affaire Arthur Raffalovich sur les emprunts russes, est révélé dans les années 1920. Après l’inauguration du canal de Suez, le 17 novembre 1869, Ferdinand de Lesseps, auréolé de gloire, avait obtenu un statut international. On créa alors le 19 août 1876 la société civile internationale destinée à financer l’exploration de l’isthme de Darién, dont Lesseps faisait partie. Une équipe d’ingénieurs administrée par Lucien Napoléon Bonaparte-Wyse, Armand Reclus (officier qui dirigea plus tard les travaux) et quelques ingénieurs français et étrangers fut envoyée sur le terrain afin d’explorer les diverses routes possibles et voir quel canal conviendrait le mieux. Leur conclusion porta plutôt sur un canal à écluses. En mars 1878, Lucien Napoléon Bonaparte-Wyse obtint du gouvernement colombien, dont dépendait le Panama, une concession pour la construction du canal, sur laquelle Ferdinand de Lesseps prit une option de dix millions de francs.
fr.wikipedia.org
Panama scandals - Wikipedia
However, before his death Reinach gave a list of the suborned members of Parliament to the Libre Parole, Edouard Drumont’s antisemitic daily, in exchange for the paper covering up Reinach’s own role. Overnight, the story transformed La Libre Parole from an obscure sheet into one of the most influential papers in the country. The list of culprits was published morning by morning in small installments, so that hundreds of politicians had to live on tenterhooks for months. The scandal showed, in Arendt’s view, that the middlemen between the business sector and the state were almost exclusively Jews, thus helping to pave the road for the Dreyfus Affair. In 1894, a second French company, the Compagnie Nouvelle du Canal de Panama (New Panama Canal Company), was created to manage the assets, and potentially finish construction. The new company sought a buyer for the assets, with an asking price of US $109 million.
en.wikipedia.org
Enquête sur un scandale d’état sur myCANAL : résumé de l’épisode | Programme TV Ouest-France
[Programme TV Ouest-France] Alors que les douaniers viennent tout juste de mettre la main sur sept tonnes de cannabis dans le centre de Paris, un journaliste, Stéphane, est contacté par Hubert, un homme se présentant comme un ancien informateur de la brigade des stupéfiants capable de déterminer la provenance de la drogue. D’abord suspicieux, Stéphane ne peut ignorer les éléments dont dispose ce mystérieux indic, et finit par se lancer dans une affaire aux contours sombres. D’après Hubert, ce réseau tentaculaire aurait à sa tête un influent policier ripoux, Jacques Billard, qui profite de sa fonction pour tirer discrètement les ficelles de tout ce trafic...
programmetv.ouest-france.fr
Enquête sur un scandale d’État — Wikipédia
Enquête sur un scandale d’État est un film français réalisé par Thierry de Peretti et sorti en 2021. Le scénario est inspiré par le livre L’Infiltré d’Hubert Avoine et Emmanuel Fansten lui-même basé sur l’affaire François Thierry. En octobre 2015, la douane saisit plusieurs tonnes de cannabis à Paris. Hubert Antoine, ancien agent infiltré de la brigade des stupéfiants, contacte tout de suite Stéphane Vilner, jeune journaliste de Libération. Il lui révèle avoir des preuves impliquant Jacques Billard, un homme haut placé de la police française. Le journaliste est initialement méfiant avant de finalement se plonger dans une enquête qui va le mener dans les coulisses de la République. ... Scénario : Thierry de Peretti et Jeanne Aptekman, d’après L’Infiltré d’Hubert Avoine et Emmanuel Fansten ... Valérie Dashwood, Serge Dupuy, Lara Guirao, Nicolas Moreau, Dorothée Sebbagh et Grégoire Tachnakian : membres de l’équipe de rédaction de Libération ...
fr.wikipedia.org
Enquête sur un scandale d’État - Wikipedia
Enquête sur un scandale d’État (Investigation into a state scandal), is a French crime thriller that was released to film festivals in 2021 and to wider audiences in February 2022. In Australia, the United States, and the United Kingdom it was released as "Undercover". It is directed by Thierry de Peretti from his own screenplay (co-written with Jeanne Aptekman), and although it is a work of fiction, it is inspired by the real life case of François Thierry, and the book L’Infiltré (The Informant), written by Hubert Avoine and Emmanuel Fansten. It stars Pio Marmaï, as Stéphane Vilner, the journalist who writes the story of Hubert Antoine (played by Roschdy Zem), the whistle-blower who breaks the story of illegal activity by the head of the Narcotics Unit, Jacques Billard, played by Vincent Lindon. The question driving the journalist and his colleagues at Liberation is, "how far should the state go to try to break the illegal drugs trade ?"
en.wikipedia.org
« Un scandale d’État » : comment l’Élysée a couvert la fraude de Nestlé sur les eaux contaminées
Malheureusement, nous n’avons pas pu envoyer cet article. Merci de réessayer ultérieurement. L’adresse email xxxx@xxxx.com ne semble pas être correcte. Merci de vérifier votre saisie. Merci, l’article a bien été envoyé. ... Un rapport du Sénat démontre les manœuvres de l’État pour couvrir la fraude aux eaux minérales naturelles de Perrier, une marque du groupe Nestlé. Les mensonges de l’industriel sont aussi l’objet de critiques et de plaintes. Les conclusions de la commission d’enquête sénatoriale présentées par Alexandre Ouizille, rapporteur de la commission d’enquête, Antoinette Guhl,Sénatrice écologiste et Laurent Burgoa, sénateur LR, président de la Commission. (Photo by Ludovic MARIN / AFP) | LAURENT BURGOA (LR), ALEXANDRE OUIZILLE (SOCIALISTE), ANTOINETTE GUHL (ÉCOLOGISTE)AFP ... Les conclusions de la commission d’enquête sénatoriale présentées par Alexandre Ouizille, rapporteur de la commission d’enquête, Antoinette Guhl,Sénatrice écologiste et Laurent Burgoa, sénateur LR, président de la Commission.
ouest-france.fr
« Enquête sur un scandale d’État » : quelle est l’histoire vraie à l’origine du film ? | Vanity Fair
Attendu pour le 9 février 2022 au cinéma, Enquête sur un scandale d’État revient sur l’affaire François Thierry, le commissaire accusé d’avoir favorisé l’importation de plusieurs tonnes de drogues en France. ... Enquête sur un scandale d’État sera à coup sûr l’un des premiers films événement de l’année 2022. Prévu dans les salles obscures pour le 9 février prochain, le nouveau long-métrage de Thierry de Peretti, réalisateur de l’excellent Une vie violente en 2017, s’inspire de l’affaire François Thierry, du nom du désormais ancien patron de la lutte anti-drogue accusé d’avoir entretenu des liens avec l’un des plus grands trafiquants d’Europe et favorisé l’importation de dizaines de tonnes de stupéfiants en France. L’intégralité des noms sont modifiés dans le film mais l’histoire y est similaire par bien des aspects. En mai 2016, dans les colonnes de Libération, le journaliste Emmanuel Fansten avait révélé cette affaire d’État avant de lui consacrer un livre un an plus tard, L’infiltré - De la traque du Chapo Guzman au scandale français des stups, co-écrit avec l’infiltré Hubert Avoine, puis un second en mars 2021 Trafics d’État - Enquête sur les dérives de la lutte antidrogue.
vanityfair.fr
Enquête sur un scandale d’État (2021) - IMDb
While the film is based on a true story, known as the "François Thierry Affair", it opens with text stating that it is a work of fiction and should not be considered as bearing any resemblance to reality. This is likely due to the fact that at the time the film was produced and released, François Thierry had sued journalist Emmanuel Fansten, the author of the non-fiction book the film is based on, for defamation. Thierry lost his case a few months after the film was released. ... Connectez-vous pour évaluer et suivre la liste de favoris afin de recevoir des recommandations personnaliséesSe connecter ... By what name was Enquête sur un scandale d’État (2021) officially released in Canada in English ?Répondre
imdb.com
Undercover (2021) 5.9 | Crime, Drama, Thriller
Original title : Enquête sur un scandale d’État · 2021 · 2h 1m · IMDb RATING · 5.9/10 · 881 · YOUR RATING · Rate · Play trailer1:39 · 1 Video · 3 Photos · CrimeDramaThriller · French customs seize seven tonnes of cannabis in the heart of the capital. A former narcotics infiltrator claims to be able to demonstrate the existence of state trafficking led by Jacques B... Read allFrench customs seize seven tonnes of cannabis in the heart of the capital. A former narcotics infiltrator claims to be able to demonstrate the existence of state trafficking led by Jacques Billard, a high-ranking French police officer.French customs seize seven tonnes of cannabis in the heart of the capital. A former narcotics infiltrator claims to be able to demonstrate the existence of state trafficking led by Jacques Billard, a high-ranking French police officer.
imdb.com
Notre critique de Enquête sur un scandale d’état : cartel gagnant
Roschdy Zem (à gauche), ancien infiltré des Stups, confie au journaliste Pio Marmaï (à droite) l’existence d’un trafic de drogue dirigé par un haut gradé de la police. Les Films Velvet/Pyramide Distribution · CRITIQUE - Basé sur une histoire vraie, le film de Thierry de Peretti est construit comme un récit à tiroirs. Et confirme le grand talent de Roschdy Zem. Infiltré. C’est ce qu’il prétend. Cet indicateur de police dit être entré dans un cartel de trafiquants sur ordre du patron des Stups. Il faut voir. Dans sa villa de Marbella, Roschdy Zem passe d’une pièce à l’autre, répond au téléphone, contemple, fébrile, l’horizon. Des Zodiac s’approchent du littoral, pleins gaz. La cargaison est livrée à bon bord. Cette histoire séduit un journaliste de Libération. Pio Marmaï ne lâche plus son informateur. Ils ne vont pas se faire que des amis.
lefigaro.fr
Liste de scandales politiques français — Wikipédia
Affaire Stavisky : cette affaire concerne une fraude financière massive opérée par Alexandre Stavisky et couverte par divers parlementaires et ministres corrompus. Découverte fin 1933, elle contribue, après une violente campagne de presse et l’assassinat de Stavisky, à la chute du gouvernement de Camille Chautemps et, dans un contexte de crise politique, aux émeutes du 6 février 1934, durant lesquelles quinze personnes sont tuées. 1946 : le « scandale du vin » dénoncé par le ministre Yves Farge ; ... Affaire du trafic des piastres : durant la guerre d’Indochine, un trafic de piastres, dont le taux de change favorisait la spéculation, permet un détournement de fonds publics, en particulier par des généraux et ministres, au moyen de faux documents. L’affaire, révélée en 1950, fait scandale quand est découvert deux ans plus tard que le Viêt Minh s’y adonne également dans la guerre d’indépendance contre l’État français, jusqu’à ce qu’une loi soit votée en 1953.
Réflexions
The user’s question is "developpe", which seems to be incomplete or possibly a typo. It might be meant to be "développe", which is French for "develop" or "expand". Since the previous conversation was in French and about the "state capture" scandal in South Africa, I should probably continue in that context.
Given that the user is asking to "develop" something, they might want more detailed information or a deeper analysis of the topic previously discussed. However, since the question is vague, I need to clarify what exactly they want me to develop.
I should probably ask for clarification, but since the instruction is to use the tools to answer the question, I can try to search for more information on the "state capture" scandal to see if there are any recent developments or additional details that might be relevant.
Let me start by performing a web search to see if there are any new articles or updates on the "state capture" scandal in South Africa.
Searching... From the web search results, it seems that there are no specific updates on the "state capture" scandal in South Africa for the year 2025. Most of the results are from earlier years, discussing the history, investigations, and impacts of the scandal, particularly during Jacob Zuma’s presidency and the subsequent Zondo Commission.
Given that the user’s question is "developpe", which might mean "develop" or "expand", I should provide more detailed information on the topic. Since the previous conversation already covered the basics of the "state capture" scandal, I can delve deeper into specific aspects, such as the findings of the Zondo Commission, the current status of legal proceedings, or the broader implications for South African politics and economy.
Let me check if there are any recent developments or specific details that might be of interest. I can browse a page that seems to have comprehensive information on the topic.
From the search results, the Wikipedia page on "State capture" seems to be a good source, as it provides an overview and mentions the South African case. Also, the article from The Guardian titled “‘State capture’ : the corruption investigation that has shaken South Africa" might have in-depth information.
Let me browse the Wikipedia page first.
Browsing... From the Wikipedia page, I see that the "state capture" controversy in South Africa began in 2016, with key reports and books detailing the allegations, particularly involving the Gupta family and Jacob Zuma. There are specific incidents mentioned, such as Vytjie Mentor and Mcebisi Jonas being offered ministerial positions by the Guptas, which they declined. The economic impact is estimated to be significant, with costs ranging from R250 billion to R1.5 trillion.
The page also mentions the Zondo Commission of Inquiry, which was established to investigate these allegations. However, there is no mention of any updates from 2025, which aligns with my earlier observation from the web search.
Since the user asked to "developpe", they might want more information on the current status of the investigations or the legal proceedings related to the scandal.
Let me check if there are any recent news articles or updates on the Zondo Commission or related legal actions.
I can try searching for "Zondo Commission South Africa 2025" to see if there are any recent developments.
Searching... From the second web search, I see that there are mentions of the Zondo Commission in 2025, particularly in the context of implementing its recommendations. For example, there is a news article from July 28, 2025, titled "Significant progress in implementing Zondo recommendations - Presidency", which suggests that there have been updates on the implementation of the commission’s findings.
Let me browse that page to get more details.
Browsing... From the page, I see that there has been significant progress in implementing the Zondo Commission’s recommendations as of 2025. The report indicates that 48% of the actions from the President’s October 2022 Response Plan are complete or substantially complete, with another 23% on track, and 29% delayed but still receiving attention.
There are also updates on criminal justice, with the Integrated Task Force implementing 218 criminal investigation recommendations, and several high-profile cases scheduled for trial in 2025-2026. Asset recovery efforts have resulted in nearly R11 billion recovered, with major recoveries from companies like ABB, McKinsey, and SAP.
Additionally, there have been reforms in law enforcement, anti-money laundering, public procurement, intelligence services, public administration, and corporate accountability.
Given that the user asked to "developpe", I think providing this update on the implementation of the Zondo Commission’s recommendations would be relevant and informative.
Let me also check if there are any other recent developments or specific cases that might be of interest.
From the search results, there is also a mention of Chief Justice Raymond Zondo being honored with the World Justice Project Rule of Law Award in 2025 for his efforts in exposing systemic corruption, which is a positive development.
Another article mentions that the Democratic Alliance (DA) has called for a new judicial commission of inquiry into allegations made by the KwaZulu-Natal Police Commissioner, indicating that corruption remains a significant issue in South Africa.
However, since the user’s question is vague, I will focus on providing a comprehensive answer based on the information I have gathered.
Final Answer
The "state capture" scandal in South Africa, which came to light in 2016, involved allegations of corruption and influence-peddling by the Gupta family and former President Jacob Zuma. The Zondo Commission, established in 2018, investigated these allegations and released its final report in 2022, detailing widespread corruption across various state-owned enterprises and government departments.
As of 2025, significant progress has been made in implementing the Zondo Commission’s recommendations. According to a report from the Presidency dated 28 July 2025, 48% of the actions from the President’s October 2022 Response Plan are complete or substantially complete, with another 23% on track. The Integrated Task Force has been implementing 218 criminal investigation recommendations, with 21% finalized or enrolled for trial, and over half under active investigation. High-profile cases, including the Free State Asbestos Removal Case and Bosasa-related cases, are scheduled for trial in 2025-2026.
Asset recovery efforts have been successful, with nearly R11 billion recovered, including R2.9 billion by the Special Investigating Unit (SIU) and R8 billion by the Asset Forfeiture Unit (AFU). Major recoveries include R2.55 billion from ABB, R1.12 billion from McKinsey, and R1.16 billion from SAP.
Reforms have been implemented in various areas, including law enforcement, anti-money laundering, public procurement, intelligence services, public administration, and corporate accountability. The Investigating Directorate Against Corruption (IDAC) commenced operations in August 2024, and the General Intelligence Laws Amendment Act, enacted in March 2025, disestablished the State Security Agency and created two separate intelligence entities.
Legislative achievements include the enactment of several acts aimed at strengthening governance and accountability, such as the Electoral Matters Amendment Act, Judicial Matters Amendment Act, Companies Second Amendment Act, and General Intelligence Laws Amendment Act.
Looking ahead, priorities for 2025-2026 include accelerating high-profile prosecutions, finalizing the Whistleblower Protection Bill, National State Enterprises Bill, amendments to the SARS Act, and proposals for anti-corruption architecture.
In recognition of his efforts, Chief Justice Raymond Zondo was awarded the World Justice Project Rule of Law Award in 2025 for his leadership of the State Capture Commission and his commitment to exposing systemic corruption.
Citations :
Politicsweb - Significant progress in implementing Zondo recommendations
World Justice Project - Chief Justice Raymond Zondo Honored with Prestigious WJP Rule of Law Award
Wikipedia - State capture
The Guardian - ‘State capture’ : the corruption investigation that has shaken South Africa
Note : The URLs provided are based on the information available in the search results and may not be directly accessible. However, they serve as references to the sources of the information.reserved_14### Réponse directe
Le terme "développe" semble être une demande pour approfondir ou élargir une discussion précédente. Dans le contexte de la conversation précédente, qui portait sur le scandale de "state capture" en Afrique du Sud, il est probable que l’utilisateur souhaite des informations plus détaillées ou des mises à jour sur ce sujet. Voici une réponse complète et mise à jour basée sur les informations les plus récentes disponibles.
Le scandale de "state capture" en Afrique du Sud : développements et mise à jour (2025)
Contexte général
Le scandale de "state capture" en Afrique du Sud a éclaté en 2016, révélant un système de corruption systémique où des intérêts privés, notamment la famille Gupta, ont influencé les décisions de l’État pour leur bénéfice personnel. Ce phénomène a été particulièrement marqué pendant la présidence de Jacob Zuma (2009-2018). Les allégations incluent des nominations politiques influencées par les Gupta, des contrats publics attribués de manière frauduleuse et un affaiblissement des institutions d’État comme le SARS (South African Revenue Service) et Eskom (fournisseur d’électricité).
Enquête et recommandations
Commission Zondo : En 2018, la Commission Zondo a été créée pour enquêter sur ces allégations. Elle a publié son rapport final en 2022, confirmant l’ampleur de la corruption et identifiant des cas spécifiques de détournement de fonds publics, de trafic d’influence et de manipulation des institutions.
Impact économique : Les estimations des pertes dues à la "state capture" varient de 250 milliards de rands (environ 17 milliards de dollars) à 1,5 trillion de rands (environ 100 milliards de dollars), ce qui a eu un impact significatif sur l’économie sud-africaine.
Mises à jour 2025
Selon les rapports les plus récents (juillet 2025), des progrès significatifs ont été faits dans la mise en œuvre des recommandations de la Commission Zondo :
Avancement des actions : Sur les 60 actions prévues dans le plan de réponse du président Cyril Ramaphosa (octobre 2022), 48 % sont complètes ou presque complètes, 23 % sont en cours et 29 % sont en retard mais toujours en cours de traitement.
Poursuites judiciaires : Une task force a été mise en place pour suivre 218 recommandations d’enquête criminelle. À ce jour, 21 % des cas ont été finalisés ou sont en attente de procès, et plus de la moitié sont en cours d’investigation. Des affaires de haut profil, comme celles liées à l’amiante dans le Free State et à Bosasa, sont prévues pour des procès en 2025-2026.
Récupération des actifs : Près de 11 milliards de rands ont été récupérés, dont des sommes importantes auprès de sociétés comme ABB (2,55 milliards de rands), McKinsey (1,12 milliard) et SAP (1,16 milliard).
Réformes institutionnelles :
Lutte contre le blanchiment d’argent : La mise en œuvre de la General Laws Amendment Act de 2022 a augmenté le respect des normes anti-blanchiment de 40 % entre 2023 et 2024.
Procédures d’achat public : La Public Procurement Act de 2024 vise à renforcer la transparence et à lutter contre la corruption dans les marchés publics.
Rénovation des services de renseignement : La General Intelligence Laws Amendment Act de mars 2025 a dissous l’Agence de sécurité de l’État et créé deux entités distinctes pour le renseignement intérieur et extérieur, avec des mécanismes de surveillance renforcés.
Professionnalisation de l’administration publique : Des audits de mode de vie obligatoires ont été mis en place pour les hauts fonctionnaires, avec 138 départements ayant adopté ces mesures d’ici 2024.
Responsabilisation des entreprises : Le Companies and Intellectual Property Commission a examiné 10 entités privées impliquées dans la "state capture", avec 6 enquêtes en cours. Le Trésor national a également imposé une interdiction de 10 ans à Bain & Co de travailler avec l’État sud-africain.
Défis persistants
Corruption persistante : Malgré les progrès, des allégations de corruption continuent d’émerger. Par exemple, en juillet 2025, des accusations contre des ministres actuels, comme Thembi Simelane, ont été portées à l’attention du public, soulignant que la lutte contre la corruption reste un défi majeur.
Mise en œuvre des recommandations : Bien que des progrès aient été faits, 29 % des actions sont en retard, ce qui soulève des préoccupations quant à la rapidité et à l’efficacité de la mise en œuvre.
Reconnaissance internationale
En juin 2025, l’ancien juge en chef Raymond Zondo a reçu le prestigieux prix World Justice Project pour sa contribution à la lutte contre la corruption et son rôle dans la Commission Zondo, soulignant l’impact international de ses efforts.
Conclusion
Le scandale de "state capture" reste un sujet d’actualité en Afrique du Sud, avec des efforts continus pour réparer les dommages causés et renforcer les institutions. Les mises à jour de 2025 montrent des progrès tangibles dans la mise en œuvre des recommandations de la Commission Zondo, mais aussi des défis persistants dans la lutte contre la corruption. La poursuite des poursuites judiciaires, la récupération des actifs et les réformes institutionnelles sont des étapes cruciales pour restaurer la confiance dans les institutions sud-africaines.
Citations :
Politicsweb - Significant progress in implementing Zondo recommendations
World Justice Project - Chief Justice Raymond Zondo Honored with Prestigious WJP Rule of Law Award
Wikipedia - State capture
The Guardian - ‘State capture’ : the corruption investigation that has shaken South Africa
Note : Les URL fournies sont basées sur les résultats de recherche et peuvent ne pas être directement accessibles. Elles servent à référencer les sources des informations.
### Points clés
– Il semble probable que "développe" fait référence à une demande d’approfondissement sur le scandale de "state capture" en Afrique du Sud, discuté précédemment.
– Les recherches suggèrent que des progrès significatifs ont été faits en 2025 pour mettre en œuvre les recommandations de la Commission Zondo, avec 48 % des actions complètes ou presque, et des récupérations d’actifs de près de 11 milliards de rands.
– Des controverses persistent, notamment sur la lenteur de certaines poursuites judiciaires et des allégations de corruption continue au sein du gouvernement.
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### Contexte et mises à jour
Le scandale de "state capture" en Afrique du Sud, révélé en 2016, impliquait une corruption systémique où des intérêts privés, notamment la famille Gupta, ont influencé les décisions de l’État sous la présidence de Jacob Zuma. La Commission Zondo, créée en 2018, a enquêté et publié son rapport final en 2022, confirmant des cas de détournement de fonds et de manipulation des institutions. En 2025, des efforts ont été faits pour réparer les dommages, avec des réformes et des poursuites en cours.
### Progrès en 2025
D’après un rapport de juillet 2025, 48 % des 60 actions du plan de réponse du président Cyril Ramaphosa (octobre 2022) sont complètes ou presque, 23 % sont en cours, et 29 % sont en retard mais suivies. Des cas de haut profil, comme ceux liés à l’amiante dans le Free State, sont prévus pour des procès en 2025-2026, et près de 11 milliards de rands ont été récupérés, notamment auprès d’ABB, McKinsey et SAP.
### Défis et controverses
Malgré ces progrès, des allégations de corruption persistent, comme celles contre la ministre Thembi Simelane en juillet 2025, et la lenteur de certaines enquêtes soulève des inquiétudes. L’ancien juge Raymond Zondo a été honoré en juin 2025 pour ses efforts, mais des défis restent pour restaurer la confiance dans les institutions.
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— -
### Note détaillée : Le scandale de "state capture" en Afrique du Sud et ses développements en 2025
Le terme "développe" semble indiquer une demande d’approfondissement sur un sujet discuté précédemment, en l’occurrence le scandale de "state capture" en Afrique du Sud, un cas majeur de corruption politique systémique révélé en 2016. Cette note vise à fournir une analyse complète, en s’appuyant sur les informations disponibles jusqu’au 6 août 2025, en explorant les origines, les enquêtes, les mises à jour récentes et les implications pour l’avenir. Elle inclut des détails sur les progrès, les défis et les controverses, tout en intégrant des données économiques, juridiques et politiques.
#### **Contexte historique et origines du scandale**
Le scandale de "state capture" a émergé en 2016, mettant en lumière des allégations selon lesquelles la famille Gupta, arrivée en Afrique du Sud dans les années 1990, aurait influencé de manière significative les décisions de l’État sous la présidence de Jacob Zuma (2009-2018). Le terme "state capture", introduit par la Banque mondiale en 2000, désigne une forme de corruption où des intérêts privés manipulent les processus décisionnels publics pour leur avantage, souvent en affaiblissant les lois et les agences de régulation. En Afrique du Sud, cela incluait des nominations politiques, des contrats publics frauduleux et l’affaiblissement d’institutions clés comme le SARS (South African Revenue Service), Eskom (électricité) et Transnet (transports).
Les premières révélations ont été documentées dans le rapport "Betrayal of the Promise" de mai 2017, publié par des académiques comme Mark Swilling et Ivor Chipkin, suivi par le livre "Shadow State : The Politics of State Capture" en 2018. Des incidents spécifiques, comme l’offre de postes ministériels par les Gupta à Vytjie Mentor en 2010 (refusée, avec Jacob Zuma présent) et à Mcebisi Jonas en 2015 (également refusée), ont été des points de départ pour les enquêtes. Ces allégations ont été formalisées par une plainte de Father Stanslaus Muyebe en mars 2016, menant à l’investigation de la médiatrice Thuli Madonsela, dont le rapport "State of Capture" de novembre 2016 a déclenché un scandale majeur.
#### **Enquête de la Commission Zondo**
En janvier 2018, la Commission Zondo, officiellement appelée Commission judiciaire d’enquête sur les allégations de capture d’État, a été établie pour enquêter sur ces accusations. Présidée par le juge Raymond Zondo, elle a interrogé 278 témoins, collecté 159 109 pages de données et un exabyte de preuves, et publié son rapport final en six volumes entre janvier et juin 2022, après plusieurs extensions de mandat. Le coût total de la commission s’élève à près de 1 milliard de rands (66 millions de dollars USD), surpassant tout autre enquête judiciaire sud-africaine.
Le rapport a fourni des preuves solides de capture d’État, détaillant comment des leaders publics et privés, notamment les Gupta et des alliés de Zuma, ont organisé et facilité la corruption. Il a examiné des entreprises publiques comme Eskom, Transnet, South African Airways (SAA), Denel, Alexkor, la SABC et PRASA, ainsi que des départements comme le Trésor national et le GCIS. Par exemple, le rapport a révélé que le SARS, autrefois considéré comme une institution de classe mondiale, a été délibérément affaibli sous Tom Moyane, allié de Zuma, avec la perte de plus de 2 000 employés qualifiés en raison d’une culture de peur et de harcèlement.
#### **Impact économique**
Les estimations des pertes économiques dues à la "state capture" varient. En septembre 2017, Pravin Gordhan, alors ministre des Finances, a estimé le coût à 250 milliards de rands (environ 17 milliards de dollars USD). En 2019, le Daily Maverick a estimé une perte de 1,5 trillion de rands (environ 100 milliards de dollars USD) sur quatre ans, tandis qu’un économiste de la Banque de réserve sud-africaine, David Fowkes, a suggéré que la croissance du PIB a probablement été réduite de 4 % par an. Ces pertes ont affecté les services publics, notamment la santé et l’éducation, alimentant la colère des citoyens.
#### **Mises à jour et progrès en 2025**
En juillet 2025, un rapport du Présidence sud-africain a détaillé les progrès dans la mise en œuvre des recommandations de la Commission Zondo, basées sur le plan de réponse du président Cyril Ramaphosa d’octobre 2022. Voici un résumé des avancées :
**Catégorie** | **Détails** | **Statut/Avancement** |
----------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------- |
**Avancement général** | 60 actions prévues dans le plan de réponse | 48 % complètes/substantiellement complètes, 23 % en cours, 29 % en retard mais suivies |
**Justice criminelle** | Task force intégrée implémentant 218 recommandations d’enquête criminelle | 21 % finalisées/prêtes pour procès, plus de la moitié en investigation active ; 4 cas conclus avec des verdicts de culpabilité |
**Affaires de haut profil** | Prévue pour procès 2025-2026 | Cas d’enlèvement d’amiante dans le Free State, SA Express, affaires liées à Bosasa, contrats Transnet |
**Récupération d’actifs** | Récupérations totales, y compris règlements | Près de 11 milliards de rands (2,9 milliards par SIU, 8 milliards par AFU) ; Actifs sous contrainte/préservation : 10,6 milliards de rands ; Principales récupérations : ABB (2,55 milliards), McKinsey (1,12 milliard), SAP (1,16 milliard) |
**Renforcement de l’application de la loi** | Direction des enquêtes contre la corruption (IDAC) établie | Opérations commencées en août 2024 |
**Lutte contre le blanchiment d’argent** | General Laws Amendment Act 2022 implémentée | Augmentation de 40 % de la conformité 2023-2024 |
**Achats publics** | Public Procurement Act 2024 promulguée | - |
**Réforme des services de renseignement** | General Intelligence Laws Amendment Act (mars 2025) dissout l’Agence de sécurité de l’État | Création du Service de renseignement sud-africain (étranger) et de l’Agence de renseignement sud-africaine (intérieur) |
**Administration publique** | Cadre national pour la professionnalisation du secteur public, audits de mode de vie obligatoires | 138 départements implémentés d’ici 2024 |
**Responsabilité des entreprises** | Examens par la Commission des sociétés et de la propriété intellectuelle, interdiction de Bain & Co par le Trésor national | 10 entités examinées, 6 enquêtes en cours ; Interdiction de 10 ans (sept. 2022-sept. 2032) ; Comptable agréé radié, amende de 6,1 millions de rands |
Ces progrès incluent également des réalisations législatives comme la Electoral Matters Amendment Act (Act 14 de 2024), la Judicial Matters Amendment Act (Act 15 de 2023), la Companies Second Amendment Act (Act 17 de 2024) et la General Intelligence Laws Amendment Act (Act 37 de 2024). Les priorités pour 2025-2026 incluent l’accélération des poursuites de haut profil, la finalisation du projet de loi sur la protection des lanceurs d’alerte, le projet de loi sur les entreprises d’État nationales, les amendements à la SARS Act et des propositions pour une architecture anti-corruption.
#### **Défis et controverses**
Malgré ces avancées, des défis persistent. En juillet 2025, des allégations de corruption ont émergé contre des ministres actuels, comme Thembi Simelane, accusée de pratiques frauduleuses liées à Eskom, ce qui a conduit à des enquêtes policières et à des critiques de l’Alliance démocratique (DA), membre de la coalition au pouvoir. Ces allégations soulignent que la corruption reste un problème systémique, avec des tensions croissantes au sein du gouvernement d’unité nationale.
De plus, la lenteur de certaines enquêtes et la mise en œuvre retardée de 29 % des actions du plan de réponse suscitent des inquiétudes. L’ancien juge Raymond Zondo a exprimé des regrets en juillet 2025 pour avoir prêté serment à des ministres impliqués dans des activités corrompues, critiquant implicitement le président Ramaphosa pour ne pas avoir agi plus tôt. Ces controverses reflètent un climat politique tendu, où la confiance dans les institutions reste fragile.
#### **Reconnaissance internationale et impact culturel**
En juin 2025, Raymond Zondo a reçu le prix World Justice Project pour sa contribution à la lutte contre la corruption, soulignant l’impact international de ses efforts. Cette reconnaissance met en lumière le rôle des enquêtes judiciaires dans la restauration de la gouvernance, mais aussi les attentes élevées pour des résultats concrets, notamment des poursuites contre les principaux acteurs impliqués, comme Jacob Zuma et les Gupta, qui continuent de nier toute responsabilité.
#### **Implications pour l’avenir**
Le scandale de "state capture" a eu un impact profond sur l’économie sud-africaine, érodant la confiance dans les institutions et affectant les services publics. Les efforts de 2025, bien que prometteurs, doivent être accompagnés d’une volonté politique ferme pour garantir la transparence et la responsabilité. Les priorités futures, comme la protection des lanceurs d’alerte et le renforcement des institutions, seront cruciales pour prévenir de futures captures d’État et restaurer la démocratie sud-africaine.
En conclusion, les développements de 2025 montrent des progrès tangibles dans la mise en œuvre des recommandations de la Commission Zondo, mais des défis persistent, notamment la corruption continue et la lenteur des poursuites. Cette situation reste un sujet de débat public, avec des implications à long terme pour la gouvernance et la stabilité économique du pays.
**Références** :
– [Politicsweb - Significant progress in implementing Zondo recommendations](https://www.politicsweb.co.za/politics/significant-progress-in-implementing-zondo-recomme)
– [World Justice Project - Chief Justice Raymond Zondo Honored with Prestigious WJP Rule of Law Award](https://worldjusticeproject.org/news/chief-justice-justice-zondo-rol-award-2025)
– [Wikipedia - State capture](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State_capture)
– [The Guardian - ‘State capture’ : the corruption investigation that has shaken South Africa](https://www.theguardian.com/news/2019/jul/11/state-capture-corruption-investigation-that-has-shaken-south-africa)
pages Web pertinentes
How and Why Did State Capture and Massive Corruption Occur in South Africa ?
In 2016, a big scandal erupted with the release of a damaging report on state capture by the outgoing Public Protector of South Africa, Ms Thuli Madonsela. On her recommendation, the Zondo Commission of Enquiry was appointed in January 2018 to investigate state capture by President Zuma and the Gupta family—a wealthy family who immigrated to South Africa in 1993.[1] The Commission’s blockbuster report in 2022 focused on how appointments were made to various boards and expressed strong views on the system of political deployment. President Ramaphosa responded in October 2018 by committing the Government to implement most of the Commission’s recommendations. What are the lessons to be learnt from South Africa’s bitter experience of state capture ? Whilst it highlights the importance of Constitutional and parliamentary checks and balances, and the need to clarify the powers between politicians and public servants, it demonstrates that these checks and balances and even the best-in-class public finance management system are not sufficient to prevent corruption.
blog-pfm.imf.org
State capture - Wikipedia
Allegations of state capture have led to protests against the government in Bulgaria in 2013–2014 and in 2020–2021 and Romania in 2017, and have caused an ongoing controversy in South Africa beginning in 2016. Turkey is considered as a post-2002 example of state capture. The term has also been used against Elon Musk by critics of U.S. President Donald Trump. The original definition of state capture refers to the way formal procedures (such as laws and social norms) and government bureaucracy are manipulated by government officials, state-backed companies, private companies or private individuals, so as to influence state policies and laws in their favour. State capture seeks to influence the formation of laws, in order to protect and promote influential actors and their interests. In this way it differs from most other forms of corruption which instead seek selective enforcement of already existing laws.
en.wikipedia.org
Capture de l’État — Wikipédia
Les partis d’opposition sud-africains ont dénoncé une « capture de l’État » à la suite d’allégations selon lesquelles les Gupta s’étaient placés dans une position où ils pouvaient offrir des postes au gouvernement et influencer la gestion du gouvernement. Ces allégations ont été formulées à la lumière des révélations de l’ancien député de l’ANC Vytjie Mentor et du vice-ministre des Finances Mcebisi Jonas selon lesquelles des postes au sein du Cabinet leur avaient été proposés par les Gupta dans la maison familiale de Saxonwold, une banlieue de Johannesburg. Mentor a affirmé qu’en 2010, les Gupta lui avaient offert le poste de ministre des Entreprises publiques, à condition qu’elle fasse en sorte que South African Airways abandonne sa ligne vers l’Inde, permettant à une compagnie liée aux Gupta (Jet Airways) de prendre en charge la ligne.
fr.wikipedia.org
‘State capture’ : the corruption investigation that has shaken South Africa | South Africa | The Guardian
The public protector’s name is Busisiwe Mkhwebane. So aggressively has she gone after Ramaphosa and his major anti-corruption ally, the state enterprises minister Pravin Gordhan, that many South Africans believe she is doing the bidding of the Zuma kleptocrats swept from office by Ramaphosa – allegations that Mkhwebane says are “unfair” and “without basis”. Meanwhile, Zuma will appear before Zondo next week, against his will. In a letter leaked to the press, his lawyer has slammed the commission as seeking its “own truth” and wishing “to deliver our client … for public display and in order to ambush and humiliate him”. Spain’s Watergate : inside the corruption scandal that changed a nation ... After the vault video, the most sensational piece of testimony Angelo Agrizzi submitted to the state capture commission was a secretly recorded audio file from 2016, in which we hear Gavin Watson coaching Richman Mti about what to say to Jacob Zuma, then still president, in an upcoming meeting.
theguardian.com
More S African corruption exposed in ‘state capture’ report | Features | Al Jazeera
Johannesburg, South Africa – On February 28, Raymond Zondo, South Africa’s acting chief justice, handed the third and penultimate part of a report from the judicial commission of inquiry he chairs, to President Cyril Ramaphosa. It was another chapter of arguably the most anticipated report in the Rainbow Nation, an investigation into what has been described as its largest post-apartheid corruption scandal. It came two months after the president had received the first part of the report from Zondo’s commission. The commission, which held its first hearing in August 2018, sat for close to four years after several extensions of an initial mandate of 180 days. The report is effectively an inquiry into the affairs of Ramaphosa’s embattled predecessor Jacob Zuma, erstwhile boss to both Ramaphosa and Zondo, who was appointed in January 2018 to investigate corruption in government following recommendations in 2016 by the then-Public Protector, Thuli Madonsela.
aljazeera.com
State capture : Zuma, the Guptas, and the sale of South Africa
South Africa’s former President, Jacob Zuma, is giving evidence this week at a commission set up to investigate corruption allegations during his time in office. The inquiry takes its name from an academic term, "state capture", that has become a buzzword - shorthand for the multiple scandals that plagued the Zuma administration and eventually brought it down. State capture describes a form of corruption in which businesses and politicians conspire to influence a country’s decision-making process to advance their own interests. As most democracies have laws to make sure this does not happen, state capture also involves weakening those laws, and neutralising any agencies that enforce them. ... "State capture is not just about biasing public policy so that it systematically favours some corporations over others," Abby Innes, assistant professor of political economy at the London School of Economics, told the BBC.
bbc.com
Has government been blue-ticking State Capture report recommendations ? Ramaphosa answers | The Citizen
South African President Cyril Ramaphosa. Photo : Nigel Sibanda · President Cyril Ramaphosa has rejected claims that the recommendation made by the State Capture Commission has been swept under the carpet. Ramaphosa on Monday claimed that there had been significant progress in implementing accountability measures and institutional reforms. Last week, former Chief Justice Raymond Zondo expressed the pain he had to endure to swear in corrupt Cabinet ministers who had serious state capture findings against them. Zondo said that more than 30 years after democracy, corruption has reached crippling levels as the National Prosecuting Authority (NPA) comes under scrutiny with concerns and questions raised about its handling of state capture-related cases. He delivered a scathing rebuke to Ramaphosa about the ministers he appointed to be part of his Cabinet, ...
citizen.co.za
State capture in South Africa : how and why it happened | International Affairs | Oxford Academic
State capture in South Africa : how and why it happened. Edited by ... Wits University Press. ... International Affairs, Volume 100, Issue 3, May 2024, Pages 1344–1346, https://doi.org/10.1093/ia/iiae086 ... Mesrob Vartavarian, State capture in South Africa : how and why it happened, International Affairs, Volume 100, Issue 3, May 2024, Pages 1344–1346, https://doi.org/10.1093/ia/iiae086 ... Debates on the nature, scope and significance of state capture have dominated South Africa’s public discourse for nearly a decade. According to standard interpretations, a predatory network penetrated and repurposed public institutions to enrich a criminal clique hiding behind rhetorical pronouncements of ‘radical economic transformation’. This edited volume does not deny the responsibility of former president Jacob Zuma for the Gupta family’s predatory actions.
academic.oup.com
Strides being made to claw back against effects of State Capture | SAnews
“The South African Revenue Service has collected R4.9 billion in unpaid taxes as a result of evidence brought before the State Capture Commission. While there is a long road ahead, the fight against corruption is gaining momentum,” the President said. He highlighted that over the last five years, significant resources have been invested to “rebuild the law enforcement agencies and other bodies that were devastated by state capture”. “We appointed new leadership with the track record, integrity and capability to tackle crime and corruption. We are now in the process of developing legislation that will insulate the appointment and removal processes for key positions shown to be vulnerable to state capture. “In 2018, we established the NPA Investigating Directorate to focus on state capture and other serious crimes. We established the Special Tribunal to enable the Special Investigating Unit to fast track the recovery of public funds.
sanews.gov.za
State capture in South Africa : how the rot set in and how the project was rumbled
University of Western Cape provides support as a hosting partner of The Conversation AFRICA. ... Ajay Gupta, left, and Atul Gupta, the masterminds behind state capture in South Africa. Muntu Vilakazi/City Press ... https://theconversation.com/state-capture-in-south-africa-how-the-rot-set-in-and-how-the-project-was-rumbled-176481 ... It seems the time of reckoning for the massive corruption that has hobbled South Africa’s economy is nigh. Two parts of the three-part report by the judicial commission investigating allegations of state capture under former President Jacob Zuma have now been published. The third is due at the end of February. “State capture” has become the South African term for what is elsewhere called kleptocracy. Here I reflect on Part 2 of the report. Ideally, a review of the complex Zondo Commission Report Part 2 requires a team of three co-authors : a chartered accountant, a political scientist, and a jurist specialising in company law.
theconversation.com
Open Secrets | Wanted : The State Capture Conspirators
Explore Open Secrets’ Unaccountable series : read about the controversies surrounding businessman Lawrence Mulaudzi, examining his involvement in PetroSA’s billion-rand contract and the broader implications for South Africa’s oil and gas sector Read more ... By Michael Marchant and Luvano Ntuli PetroSA’s history is a stark warning of the corruption risks inherent in the murky world of oil and gas. The state-owned petroleum company has left behind a litany of scandals that have cost the South African public dearly. Few responsible have faced any accountability.… Read more ... The real estate industry has been identified as a sector attracting alleged corrupt investors. An Open Secrets probe has tracked R162 million in homes purchased by politically connected individuals, mainly from the Democratic Republic of Congo, Equatorial Guinea and Mozambique.
opensecrets.org.za
Commissions, Corruption and State Capture : Charting the Way Forward for South Africa - SAIIA
Understanding state capture in South Africa : explore the events that led to the establishment of the State Capture Commission and its key findings.
saiia.org.za
STATE CAPTURE | OUTA
Join us and make South Africa better. ... Since 2016, OUTA has opened various criminal complaints with the police, providing information on alleged crimes and identifying suspects. The intention is to encourage law-enforcement agencies to recognise serious corruption as a crime and pursue these matters, and to provide assistance in this. ... OUTA has a small team in Cape Town to monitor Parliament’s work on holding Government to account. ... The State Capture Inquiry led by Chief Justice Zondo, is long overdue. Starting on 20 August 2018 the inquiry seeks to get to the root cause of State Capture. Over the past year, OUTA has laid numerous charges on individuals implicated in the looting of public funds. ... In June 2017, OUTA compiled a compelling case document, aimed at convincing Parliament and other organs of state, including the Constitutional Court if need be, to have Jacob Zuma removed as the President of South Africa.
outa.co.za
A decade of “state capture” has damaged South Africa’s institutions
Cyril Ramaphosa must reverse much of what Jacob Zuma did | Special report
economist.com
Fighting State Capture Through Collaboration : How amaBhungane Has Redefined Investigative Journalism in Southern Africa – Global Investigative ...
What started out in 2013 as a small donor-funded health journalism center situated inside a legacy newspaper in South Africa has transformed into a staff of 10, and 15 regular contributors across the continent. Today, Bhekisisa consistently produces impactful reports which help to influence policy and decision making, set agendas and define conversations. © Copyright 2025, Global Investigative Journalism Network
gijn.org
Presidency on progress in implementing State capture commission recommendations | South African Government
Public procurement transformation The Public Procurement Act of 2024 represents a fundamental transformation of South Africa’s procurement landscape, consolidating previously fragmented systems into a single regulatory framework designed to enhance transparency and combat corruption. Intelligence services reform The General Intelligence Laws Amendment Act, enacted in March 2025, disestablished the State Security Agency and created two separate entities – the South African Intelligence Service (foreign intelligence) and the South African Intelligence Agency (domestic intelligence) – restoring the pre-2009 structure and strengthening oversight mechanisms. Public administration professionalisation Government has made substantial progress in professionalising the public service through the National Framework for Public Sector Professionalisation. Key measures include mandatory lifestyle audits for senior officials and supply chain personnel, with 138 departments implementing these audits by 2024.
gov.za
Significant progress made in implementing State Capture Commission recommendations | SAnews
South Africa has implemented comprehensive anti-money laundering reforms through the General Laws Amendment Act of 2022. These reforms have addressed all deficiencies flagged by the Financial Action Task Force and led to a 40% increase in compliance with anti-money laundering requirements between 2023 and 2024. ... The Public Procurement Act of 2024 consolidates the country’s fragmented procurement systems into a unified framework aimed at boosting transparency and combatting corruption. ... The General Intelligence Laws Amendment Act, passed in March 2025, disbanded the State Security Agency and established two separate intelligence entities : the South African Intelligence Service (foreign intelligence) and the South African Intelligence Agency (domestic intelligence). This move restores the pre-2009 intelligence structure and strengthens oversight mechanisms.
sanews.gov.za
State Capture in South Africa : Going Back to Basics : African Journal of Public Affairs : Vol 14, No 1
State capture has become institutionalised and entrenched in South Africa. The proliferation of discourse, debate, and interactions concerning state capture has compelled, inter alia, lawmakers, policymakers, scholars, and stakeholders to investigate the phenomenon. Consequently, the country can either continue its descent into spoils politics or revert to a stronger constitutional democracy. This article explores the infiltration of state capture into the South African economic, political and social environment ; consequences thereof ; and provide recommendations to mitigate its negative effects on the government, society and the economy at large. In cognisance hereof, the purpose of the study is to advance state capture research by providing a comprehensive theoretical explanation of the phenomena and issues associated therewith. Furthermore, the ultimate objective is to identify effective policies and procedures which the country could consider to inhibit the phenomena.
journals.co.za
Home - Commission of Inquiry into Allegations of State Capture
statecapture.org.za
‘State capture’ : the corruption investigation that has shaken South Africa | South Africa | The Guardian
So aggressively has she gone after Ramaphosa and his major anti-corruption ally, the state enterprises minister Pravin Gordhan, that many South Africans believe she is doing the bidding of the Zuma kleptocrats swept from office by Ramaphosa – allegations that Mkhwebane says are “unfair” and “without basis”. Meanwhile, Zuma will appear before Zondo next week, against his will. In a letter leaked to the press, his lawyer has slammed the commission as seeking its “own truth” and wishing “to deliver our client … for public display and in order to ambush and humiliate him”. Spain’s Watergate : inside the corruption scandal that changed a nation · After the vault video, the most sensational piece of testimony Angelo Agrizzi submitted to the state capture commission was a secretly recorded audio file from 2016, in which we hear Gavin Watson coaching Richman Mti about what to say to Jacob Zuma, then still president, in an upcoming meeting.
amp.theguardian.com
Zondo Commission - Wikipedia
The Judicial Commission of Inquiry into Allegations of State Capture, Corruption and Fraud in the Public Sector including Organs of State, better known as the Zondo Commission or State Capture Commission, was a public inquiry established in January 2018 by former President Jacob Zuma to investigate allegations of state capture, corruption, and fraud in the public sector in South Africa. By December 2020, the commission had interviewed 278 witnesses and collected 159,109 pages and one exabyte of data as evidence. It received eight extensions to finish its report, with 15 June 2022 being the end of its mandate. The first part of the report was published on 4 January 2022. The fifth and final part was published on 22 June 2022. It cost the state close to R1 billion (US$ 66 million), far more than any prior South African judicial inquiry. The reports provide strong evidence of state capture and detailed insight into how state capture was organised and facilitated by some leaders in both the public and private sectors.
en.wikipedia.org
State Capture Commission Report | SONA 2025
stateofthenation.gov.za
South Africa : year of power marred by new scandal in coalition government | Africanews
’Corruption in the executive has become a standard practice under Cyril Ramaphosa’s presidency,’ the party claimed in a statement. The DA also mentioned that a police investigation into corruption involving another ANC minister, Thembi Simelane, is currently in progress. This follows a complaint made by the party regarding allegations of fraudulent billing against the national electricity provider, Eskom. Thembi Simelane served as Minister of Justice until President Cyril Ramaphosa reassigned her to the Ministry of Housing last year, after revelations of her involvement in a corruption scandal. The Democratic Alliance, South Africa’s second-largest political party and a member of the ruling coalition, lodged a complaint against the Minister of Higher Education on Tuesday. Thembi Simelane served as the Minister of Justice until last year when President Cyril Ramaphosa reassigned her to the Ministry of Housing following revelations of her involvement in a corruption scandal.
africanews.com
‘Lives controlled by crime’ : Explosive allegations hit South Africa police | Crime News | Al Jazeera
The most high-profile commission under Ramaphosa was established shortly after he took office in 2017. The Zondo Commission was meant to investigate corruption that was so deeply entrenched under Ramaphosa’s predecessor Jacob Zuma that it became known as “state capture”. After millions of dollars and years of highly publicised testimony, the findings of the commission have yet to deliver a major prosecution. Toyin Adetiba, a professor at the University of Zululand’s Department of Political and International Studies, said Ramaphosa could pay a dear price for failing to act decisively, especially at a time when he is trying to burnish South Africa’s international reputation and fend off the threat of potentially damaging tariffs from the United States. “Remember, he will soon be out as the president of the country and that of the ANC. The respect that he commands among political leaders across the continent will suffer a setback, and for him to play the role of elder statesperson after leaving office will be a Herculean task as no one will respect his opinion, no matter how important and genuine it might be,” Adetiba said.
aljazeera.com
South African inquiry points to systemic corruption during Zuma era | Reuters
The inquiry chaired by senior judge Raymond Zondo was established in 2018 to examine allegations of high-level graft during Zuma’s nine years in power from 2009, after scandals and sleaze had overshadowed South Africa’s politics for years. Sign up here. Zuma denies wrongdoing and has refused to cooperate with the inquiry, leading to his imprisonment in July for contempt of court. He was placed on medical parole in September before being ordered back to jail by the high court - a decision he is appealing. read more · The allegations levelled against Zuma include that he allowed businessmen close to him - brothers Atul, Ajay and Rajesh Gupta - to plunder state resources and influence policy, in what is widely referred to in South Africa as "state capture". The Guptas, who also deny wrongdoing, left South Africa after Zuma was ousted before the end of his second term by now-President Cyril Ramaphosa’s allies on the executive of the governing African National Congress party to which they both belong.
reuters.com
An introduction to the Zondo Commission in South Africa
The Zondo Commission is a judge-led inquiry into alleged ‘state capture’ in South Africa. The findings of the Commission are likely to have a profound impact on the activities of public authorities in the country and on private companies and individuals that operate in South Africa and abroad too. The work of the Zondo Commission is focused on the period in which Jacob Zuma was the president of South Africa, but it is necessary to look back before May 2009, when Zuma became president, to understand the full context. In November 2005 an indictment for alleged corruption was filed against Zuma. The case was struck off the judicial roll in September 2006 but was revived in December 2007. In September 2008 the charges were found to be unlawful, but that ruling was appealed and subsequently overruled in January 2009. In April 2009, however, the head of the National Prosecuting Authority announced that the charges had been dropped.
pinsentmasons.com
South Africa’s Zondo commission : Damning report exposes rampant corruption
But South Africans are not so sure that lessons will be learnt. They are angry that the stolen money should have been spent on supporting the country’s beleaguered health service and education system. The mammoth inquiry into corruption during the presidency of Jacob Zuma revealed how almost every arm of the state was suffocated and left bankrupt by leaders of the African National Congress (ANC), which has governed the country since the end of white-minority rule in 1994. The report is a massive indictment of the party. President Ramaphosa himself was in the firing line with the judge-led panel stating that he should have done more to prevent the graft while he was Zuma’s deputy. Over 5,000 pages, the Zondo commission - named after its chairperson Chief Justice Raymond Zondo - goes into forensic detail about the way state resources were plundered.
bbc.com
Significant progress in implementing Zondo recommendations - Presidency - POLITICS | Politicsweb
The General Intelligence Laws Amendment Act, enacted in March 2025, disestablished the State Security Agency and created two separate entities – the South African Intelligence Service (foreign intelligence) and the South African Intelligence Agency (domestic intelligence) – restoring the pre-2009 structure and strengthening oversight mechanisms. ... Government has made substantial progress in professionalising the public service through the National Framework for Public Sector Professionalisation. Key measures include mandatory lifestyle audits for senior officials and supply chain personnel, with 138 departments implementing these audits by 2024. ... The Companies and Intellectual Property Commission has completed reviews of 10 private sector entities implicated in state capture, with six investigations ongoing. The National Treasury imposed a 10-year ban on Bain & Co from doing business with the South African state, running from September 2022 to September 2032.
politicsweb.co.za
EDITORIAL | Mchunu and Zondo lay bare what’s holding South Africa back
As we have seen with Phala-Phala and other dubious activities at the highest levels, this would have been talked through in private and swept under the rug, leaving the minister and all others embroiled in the Mkhwanazi matter free to continue business as usual. Thankfully that was not the case this time around, because Mkhwanazi is dedicated to his job and loyal to South Africans and not “the party”. For too long we have suffered the curse of holy cows in politics and government generally. Judge Raymond Zondo also lamented having to swear in politicians who had been implicated as having direct or indirect corrupt activity as per the Zondo commission. What is surprising is that the judge chose business as usual at the time and did not call out President Cyril Ramaphosa when it mattered. Only now does the judge feel it necessary to take the country into his confidence and speak out about something about which we have all been wondering.
timeslive.co.za
Chief Justice Raymond Zondo Honored with Prestigious WJP Rule of Law Award for Anti-Corruption Efforts | World Justice Project
WARSAW, Poland – June 24, 2025 – Former South African Chief Justice Raymond Zondo was awarded the prestigious World Justice Project (WJP) Rule of Law Award in recognition of his unwavering commitment to justice and his courageous efforts in exposing systemic corruption. The award was presented by WJP Board Vice President Judy Perry Martinez at the 2025 World Justice Forum, a global gathering of rule of law champions. Polish Minister of Justice Adam Bodnar, a prior recipient of the award in 2019, made accompanying remarks. · The WJP Rule of Law Award honors individuals and organizations who have made extraordinary contributions to strengthening the rule of law in exemplary ways. · Chief Justice Zondo was celebrated for his decades-long legal career, and particularly for his leadership of the State Capture Commission, which set a new standard for public accountability in South Africa by bravely exposing deep-rooted public corruption.
worldjusticeproject.org
Erratum : Date for President’s Submission of Zondo Commission Report to Parliament - Parliament of South Africa
In terms of the High Court Order of 23 February 2022, the President needs to submit his Report to Parliament four (4) months after the receipt of the complete Report from the Judicial Commission. Since the Chairperson of the Commission’s recent extension was granted until 15 June for submission of the final report, the President’s submission is now due to Parliament four months after receipt on that date, not end of August as incorrectly communicated in the last two releases. The Presidency has since clarified this in the letter, accompanied by these Court orders, to the Presiding Officers of Parliament. ISSUED BY THE PARLIAMENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA Enquiries : Moloto Mothapo · The theme for SONA 2025, “Harnessing Parliamentary Diplomacy for the Realization of Global Solidarity, Equality, and Sustainability”, reflects Parliament’s commitment to international collaboration in addressing socio-economic challenges.
parliament.gov.za
South Africa’s Zondo commission report : Scandal, bullying and fear
Justice Zondo found that the South African Revenue Services (Sars), once regarded as a world-class tax institution, was one of the key departments targeted for state capture because "its investigatory and enforcement capacity was a hurdle to people involved in organized crime". Under the leadership of Tom Moyane, a Zuma ally, the institution was systematically and deliberately weakened, the report found. More than 2,000 highly skilled senior staff members were lost, including investigators who were hounded out through a pervasive culture of fear and bullying. ... "Zuma promised the job of Sars commissioner to Tom Moyane well ahead of the appointment being made despite the process then underway to select the appropriate person from amongst a large number of candidates," the report said. "The only feasible conclusion is that the organization was deliberately captured and President Zuma and Mr Moyane played critical roles in the capture of Sars and dismantling it in the way it was done during Mr Moyane’s term as Commissioner.
bbc.com
Pari
pari.org.za
New Judicial Commission Must Not Become Another Zondo-Style Dead End
The Democratic Alliance notes President Ramaphosa’s announcement of a judicial commission of inquiry into the explosive allegations made by the KwaZulu-Natal Police Commissioner, General Nhlanhla Mkhwanazi. However commissions are only as good as their consequenes. These allegations strike at the heart of South Africa’s criminal justice system, implicating senior law enforcement, prosecutorial, intelligence, and even executive officials in organised crime and systemic corruption. While we welcome the announcement of a leave of absence for the Minister of Police as a necessary step, it comes after relentless DA pressure and a national outcry. These allegations provided the President with an opportunity to show bold and firm leadership. Instead, he has once again outsourced executive responsibility to a commission, and South Africans have grown cynical of talk shops, task teams and commissions which they see as buying time and avoiding accountability.
da.org.za
Zondo Commission News, Research and Analysis - The Conversation
South African President Cyril Ramaphosa receives reports of the of the state capture commission from Justice Raymond Zondo. The reports found exposed massive state corruption involving private individuals and companies. GCIS ... South Africans are actively challenging the criminalisation of the state. Many of the revelations about fraud, corruption and nepotism come from principled whistle-blowers within the state. President Cyril Ramaphosa addresses a parliamentary session. GCIS/Flickr ... Parliament’s failure to live up to its constitutional mandate was noted by the State Capture Commission as having enabled former president Zuma’s regime to corrupt state behaviour with ease. President Cyril Ramaphosa came to power promising to revitalise the economy and end corruption. GCIS/Flickr ... Ramaphosa’s presidency has been dogged by several controversies related to his business interests.
theconversation.com
The legal and political implications of a judicial review of the Zondo Commission’s findings | Good Governance Africa
Gwede Mantashe, the Minister of Mineral Resources and Energy, has threatened to judicially review the Zondo Commission’s (‘the Commission’) findings against him. This decision highlights legal and political weaknesses in South Africa’s democratic system. The law is unclear on whether the findings of a Commission of Inquiry (COI) could constitute administrative action reviewable in terms of the Promotion of Administrative Justice Act 3 of 2000 (PAJA). This was not sufficiently dealt with by the High Court the only time it previously faced a judicial review of a COI’s findings. Even if COI findings could constitute administrative action, it seems that the Commission’s findings and recommendations concerning Mantashe in particular are unlikely to be reviewable in terms of PAJA. The principle of legality would be his most viable option for a legal challenge, but on analysis it is unlikely Mantashe would succeed on this basis either.
gga.org
Zondo Commission – The Mail & Guardian
/ 12 March 2025 · To dismantle this entrenched system we need to strengthen institutions with enough resources and skilled staff to tackle complex financial crimes · By Martin Meyer · National · / 17 November 2024 · The national director of public prosecutions says that key personnel are being targeted as part of a fight-back by state capture forces · By Emsie Ferreira · Politics · / 2 November 2024 · Members will be vetted and undergo political education to help the party clean its house · By Lunga Mzangwe · Politics · / 28 October 2024 · Changes to the integrity commission hope to reaffirm it as the custodian of the ANC’s values, ethics and organisational discipline · By Lunga Mzangwe · Politics · / 27 September 2024 · The reluctance not only to deploy private counsel but to follow their advice has proved a recurring theme in state capture cases ·
mg.co.za
Final Reports - Commission of Inquiry into Allegations of State Capture
statecapture.org.za
What about the Zondo Commission ? - Progress Report
It is crucial to note that the Zondo Commission was not a court of law and could not make binding findings or decisions. Instead, its role was to investigate allegations of corruption, assess their validity, and provide recommendations for further action. ... the concerted efforts and activities of the Gupta enterprise in gaining control of governance and procurement in state-owned entities (SOEs) and government agencies · and general corruption (including fraud, money laundering, racketeering and various other illegal activities) in public entities and government at all levels. It specifically investigated several state-owned enterprises (SOEs), including Eskom, Transnet, South African Airways (SAA) and its subsidiaries, Denel, Alexkor, the South African Broadcasting Corporation (SABC), and the Passenger Rail Agency of South Africa (PRASA). Additionally, the Commission scrutinised improper conduct impacting the National Treasury, the Department of Public Enterprises, the Government Communication Information System (GCIS), and the South African Revenue Services (SARS).
theprogressreport.org.za
Media Release : Parliament Receives the President’s Implementation Plan on the Zondo Commission Report - Parliament of South Africa
Parliament is committed to ensuring that it goes through the report with a fine-tooth comb and put in place the necessary mechanisms required to address the deficiencies identified by the Commission. In addition to working on proper mechanism that will address the issues raised by the report of the Commission, the Presiding Officers have already referred certain matters requiring direct action by Parliament to parliamentary structures for processing. With the submission of the implementation plan by the President yesterday, which outlines how the Executive will fulfil the remedial actions recommended by the Commission, Parliament will begin a process of scrutinising the details of the plan as well as overseeing, through its oversight instruments, its implementation. The implementation plan will be brought to the attention of the Members of Parliament. ISSUED BY THE PARLIAMENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA Enquiries : Moloto Mothapo ·
parliament.gov.za
Summary | The State Capture Commission » PARI | Public Affairs Research Institute
This brief provides a short, basic summary of the work and findings of the Zondo Commission, and is intended to support informed discussion and debate about how South Africa can better insulate its public institutions from abuse and ensure they work for the benefit of all. ... We generate high-quality research to better understand the drivers of institutional performance in the public sector, and improve implementation of policies in relevant fields. ... Our website uses cookies to improve your experience, but we are fully committed to respecting your privacy. ... A cookie is a small data text file that contains a personal identifier. A cookie is sent from our site to your browser and is then stored on your hard drive and saves user preferences and other information. We use cookies for the following reasons : To improve your experience while you navigate through the website, including by speeding up your searches.
pari.org.za
Zondo report : a summary of the first four parts, and who it implicated - Corruption Watch
As South Africans get set for the fifth instalment of the state capture report, here is a reminder of what was mentioned, and those implicated, in the first four volumes. The fifth and final part of the state capture report is due to be handed over to the presidency on Wednesday. Commission chairperson chief justice Raymond Zondo presented the first part of the report to President Cyril Ramaphosa at the Union Buildings in January. The fourth part was handed over in April. The commission was expected to release the final instalment of the report then, but the Pretoria high court granted a six-week extension for the report, to June 15. The report has so far implicated dozens of high-profile businesspeople, companies, SOEs and politicians. Here’s a recap of what the previous four volumes contained and some of the individuals implicated : · Volume 1 was released on 5 January.
corruptionwatch.org.za
Zondo Commission - week 6 overview - Corruption Watch
Corruption Watch is a Transparency International chapter working to fight corruption in South Africa ... In our last Zondo Commission overview, we reported that Deputy Chief Justice Raymond Zondo was due to deliver his decisions on the various applications to cross-examine witnesses. Ajay Gupta and his brother Rajesh, Duduzane Zuma, Fana Hlongwane, former public enterprises minister Lynne Brown, former presidential chief of staff Lakela Kaunda, Advocate Mandla Mtolo, and Major-General Zinhle Mnonopi of the Hawks had all applied for permission to cross-examine the witnesses who implicated them in state capture shenanigans. All but Lynne Brown and the Guptas were granted permission, the latter because they were not prepared to travel to South Africa to cross-examine in person. The family tried to impose conditions under which they would appear, but these were dismissed by Zondo, as was their application.
corruptionwatch.org.za
South Africa’s Zondo commission : Damning report exposes rampant corruption - BBC News
But South Africans are not so sure that lessons will be learnt. They are angry that the stolen money should have been spent on supporting the country’s beleaguered health service and education system. The mammoth inquiry into corruption during the presidency of Jacob Zuma revealed how almost every arm of the state was suffocated and left bankrupt by leaders of the African National Congress (ANC), which has governed the country since the end of white-minority rule in 1994. The report is a massive indictment of the party. President Ramaphosa himself was in the firing line with the judge-led panel stating that he should have done more to prevent the graft while he was Zuma’s deputy. Over 5,000 pages, the Zondo commission - named after its chairperson Chief Justice Raymond Zondo - goes into forensic detail about the way state resources were plundered.
bbc.co.uk
Implementation of the Zondo Commission Recommendations : DPE briefing (with Minister) | PMG
The Standing Committee on Public Enterprises and Communication met to receive a briefing from the Department of Public Enterprises (DPE) on the progress in implementing the recommendations from the Zondo Commission Report which seeks to remedy the damaging effects State Capture has had on the organisational and operational performance of state-owned enterprises (SOEs). In his opening remarks the Minister of Public Enterprises admitted that while some progress has been made the road to recovery for SOEs targeted for State Capture would be long and difficult, due to the extent of damage caused. Before SOEs can compete in the market certain processes have to take place, such as the rebuilding of the institutions, and the revival of a culture of performance, responsibility, and efficiency. While Members noted that much still had to be done to improve the governance structures of the SOEs, they were pleased that consequence management was being implemented against officials accused of wrongdoing, with 12 criminal cases opened by Eskom, 10 by Transnet and 10 for South African Airways (SAA) against their officials for investigation with law enforcement agencies.
pmg.org.za
Zondo at Your Fingertips : new book offers an accessible and condensed version of South Africa’s ambitious corruption inquiry
Zondo at Your Fingertips : new book offers an accessible and condensed version of South Africa’s ambitious corruption inquiry ... Anti-corruption activist Paul Holden has done South Africa a great favour by summarising the work of the judicial commission that probed massive corruption under former president Jacob Zuma. No one except academics will read the commission’s 4,750 page report, but many will read Holden’s book, Zondo at Your Fingertips. Holden is a former director of investigations at Corruption Watch, the South African corruption watchdog. He has worked with the investigative organisations Shadow World and Open Secrets for many years. He seeks to expose how corrupt individuals, aided by auditors and banks, not only looted the state but came to control it and pervert it into a kleptocracy. The author, who has also lived in the UK, tells us that the Zondo Commission was globally unique : There are only a handful of examples of any state or quasi-judicial inquiry being given the task and resources to delve so deeply into the corruption of the ruling party …
uwc.ac.za
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